“When you fast, do not look somber as the hypocrites do, for they disfigure their faces to show others they are fasting. Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full. But when you fast, put oil on your head and wash your face, so that it will not be obvious to others that you are fasting, but only to your Father, who is unseen; and your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you. Do not store up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moths and vermin destroy, and where thieves break in and steal. But store up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where moths and vermin do not destroy, and where thieves do not break in and steal.” (Matthew 6:16-20)

Jesus mentions eternal rewards more than ten times in the Sermon on the Mount, making it one of the most common themes in his manifesto of the Kingdom of God. A few of those mentions are in today’s passage which point us to two important truths.

#1: Jesus commands you and I to chase after eternal rewards. 

And he...

“And when you pray, do not be like the hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the street corners to be seen by others. Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full. But when you pray, go into your room, close the door and pray to your Father, who is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you. And when you pray, do not keep on babbling like pagans, for they think they will be heard because of their many words. Do not be like them, for your Father knows what you need before you ask him. This, then, is how you should pray: ‘Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name, your kingdom come, your will be done, on earth as it is in heaven. Give us today our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one.’ For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. But if you do not for...

“Be careful not to practice your righteousness in front of others to be seen by them. If you do, you will have no reward from your Father in heaven. So when you give to the needy, do not announce it with trumpets, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and on the streets, to be honored by others. Truly I tell you, they have received their reward in full. But when you give to the needy, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, so that your giving may be in secret. Then your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you.” (Matthew 6:1-4)

After The Screwtape Letters and The Chronicles of Narnia were published, C.S. Lewis began to experience a huge financial windfall. Because of his apprenticeship to Jesus, Lewis was resolute about giving more than two-thirds of his book royalties away to orphans, widows, and the poor. 

But he went to great lengths to ensure his giving was done in secret. He set up a charitable trust called the Agape Fund, which he used fo...

“You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, that you may be children of your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. If you love those who love you, what reward will you get? Are not even the tax collectors doing that? And if you greet only your own people, what are you doing more than others? Do not even pagans do that? Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect.” (Matthew 5:43-48)

At the height of his fame, Fred Rogers was expected for dinner at the home of a TV executive. On the limo ride there, he struck up a conversation with his driver, Billy, and surprised everyone by inviting Billy to dinner. After the meal, Fred accepted an invitation to visit Billy’s place, where Fred played piano as neighbors gathered to listen.

That’s a beautiful example of Jesus’s command in today’s passag...

“You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.’ But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also. And if anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, hand over your coat as well. If anyone forces you to go one mile, go with them two miles. Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you.” (Matthew 5:38-42)

On March 12, 1911, Booker T. Washington—then the most famous Black man in America—was standing in a hotel lobby when a white woman mistook him for a servant. She asked Washington for a glass of water. And instead of correcting her, he quietly obliged, returned with the water, and asked, “Is there anything else I can get for you?”

That’s a beautiful example of the type of “second mile service” Jesus is calling us to show in today’s passage.

In Jesus’s day, Roman law stated that a soldier could ask any Jew to carry his gear up to one mile—which th...

“Again, you have heard that it was said to the people long ago, ‘Do not break your oath, but fulfill to the Lord the vows you have made.’ But I tell you, do not swear an oath at all: either by heaven, for it is God’s throne; or by the earth, for it is his footstool; or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the Great King. And do not swear by your head, for you cannot make even one hair white or black. All you need to say is simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything beyond this comes from the evil one.” (Matthew 5:33-37)

In Psalm 15, David says that the “righteous” person “keeps an oath even when it hurts.” That’s essentially what Jesus is teaching in today’s passage.

I love how the NKJV renders Matthew 5:37: “let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’” Jesus did not say, “let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes’ so long as it still works with your schedule.” He said, “let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes’”—period. Full stop.

And Jesus isn’t asking us to do anything God himself hasn’t already done. In Genesis 3:15, God prom...

“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’ But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart. If your right eye causes you to stumble, gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. And if your right hand causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to go into hell. It has been said, ‘Anyone who divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce.’ But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, makes her the victim of adultery, and anyone who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.” (Matthew 5:27-32)

In 2023, Newsweek reported that “around 85 percent of affairs begin in the workplace, and a whopping one in five employees confessed to being unfaithful with a colleague.” So yeah—this passage is in...

“You have heard that it was said to the people long ago, ‘You shall not murder, and anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ But I tell you that anyone who is angry with a brother or sister will be subject to judgment. Again, anyone who says to a brother or sister, ‘Raca,’ is answerable to the court. And anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be in danger of the fire of hell. Therefore, if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to them; then come and offer your gift. Settle matters quickly with your adversary who is taking you to court. Do it while you are still together on the way, or your adversary may hand you over to the judge, and the judge may hand you over to the officer, and you may be thrown into prison. Truly I tell you, you will not get out until you have paid the last penny.” (Matthew 5:21-26)

This passage is part of the reas...

“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them. For truly I tell you, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished. Therefore anyone who sets aside one of the least of these commands and teaches others accordingly will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches these commands will be called great in the kingdom of heaven. For I tell you that unless your righteousness surpasses that of the Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.” (Matthew 5:17-20)

Jesus’s audience would have been flabbergasted by these words in the Sermon on the Mount. My righteousness must surpass the Pharisees—the most “righteous” people I know? That’s impossible! they would have thought.

And that is precisely Jesus’s point. 

Jesus’s interpretat...

“You are the salt of the earth, but if salt has lost its taste, how shall its saltiness be restored? It is no longer good for anything except to be thrown out and trampled under people’s feet. You are the light of the world. A city set on a hill cannot be hidden. Nor do people light a lamp and put it under a basket, but on a stand, and it gives light to all in the house. In the same way, let your light shine before others, so that they may see your good works and give glory to your Father who is in heaven.” (Matthew 5:13-16)

Last week, we saw Jesus’s description of the “blessed” citizens of the kingdom of God. In the next section of the Sermon on the Mount, he outlines the mission of those citizens.

Contrary to what some modern readers might expect, Jesus does not say, “Now that you’re citizens of my kingdom, it is time to quit your job and become a ‘full-time missionary.’” Instead, he calls his people to be salt and light, engaging the rot and darkness of the world.

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